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Religion is the hundred-ninth skill (assuming read left to right) in the language tree for Welsh. It has five lessons and teaches major world religions and how the Welsh describe these religions.

Cultural Notes[]

The Welsh have always been a very religious people.[1]

Even in pre-Christian times they followed a wide variety of religious beliefs, including Druidism. It was these religious followers who built Pentre Ifan (the cover for the Welsh course) and Stonehenge. These followers continued their pagan practices even into the Roman era.[2]

The introduction of Christianity in the fourth century brought with it a sense of identity for the Welsh, who distanced themselves from the pagan barbarian invaders of Britain.[3] Even after the reintroduction of Christianity to the Anglo-Saxons, the Welsh continued to look down on the English. They also have a very large number of saints from this period, including the celebrated Saint Patrick and the patron saint Saint David (Dewi Sant). The Welsh Christians didn't truly join the rest of Christendom until the mid-twelfth century, and even then only by force.[4]

Following the Reformation, the first Bible was translated into Welsh and the first Quakers (crynwyr) arrived in Wales.[5] In fact, more Welsh were educated per capita than in England in part due to religion. This led to a boom in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries of Welsh religious literature.[6] It was because of this boom, and the resulting interest in religion, that the large number of chapels began to be built across the country. It wasn't until the early twentieth century that Wales, like many other countries, became more secular (non-religious).

Today, Wales is full of celebrators of many widely different religions.

Lessons[]

Lesson 1[]

  • eglwys = church
  • gwasanaeth = service
  • offeiriad = priest
  • crefydd = religion
  • pregethu = to preach
  • anffyddiwr = atheist
  • deml = temple

Lesson 2[]

  • cadeirlan = cathedral
  • Islam = Islam
  • catholig rufeinig = Roman Catholic
  • gweddi = prayer
  • arwain = to lead
  • imâm = imam
  • nawddsant = patron saint
  • Dewi Sant = Saint David

Lesson 3[]

  • Paganiaeth = Paganism
  • Bwdhaeth = Buddhism
  • duwiau = gods
  • duwiesau = goddesses
  • Cristnogaeth = Christianity
  • addoli = to worship
  • dilynwyr = followers
  • dreigiau = dragons

Lesson 4[]

  • angladd = funeral
  • mynwent = cemetery
  • emyn = hymn
  • emynau = hymns
  • pawb = everyone
  • crynwyr = Quakers

Lesson 5[]

  • efengyl = gospel
  • uffern = hell
  • ysbryd glân = Holy Ghost
  • nefoedd = heavens
  • beibl = bible
  • San Padrig = Saint Patrick

References[]

Duolingo Lesson: www.duolingo.com/skill/cy/Religion

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